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| 1301 |
 | Ethan and Louise Lanphear.
From: Scenes, memories, and travels of eighty-two years : and short sketches of the Lanphear and Potter families, by Ethan Lanphear, self published, Plainfield, New Jersey 1900. |
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| 1302 |
 | Ethan Lanphear
From: Scenes, memories, and travels of eighty-two years : and short sketches of the Lanphear and Potter families, by Ethan Lanphear, self published, Plainfield, New Jersey 1900. |
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| 1303 |
 | Etta Agnes (nee Ware) Berry.
Etta Agnes (nee Ware) Berry. |
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| 1304 |
 | Eugene "Gene" Lynas
Eugene "Gene" Lynas |
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| 1305 |
 | Eugene Horace Chamberlain
Eugene Horace Chamberlain |
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| 1306 |
 | Eugene Piercy
Eugene Piercy |
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| 1307 |
 | Eunice Harriet Brigham.
Eunice Harriet Brigham. |
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| 1308 |
 | Evangeline Brewster Johnson.
Evangeline Brewster Johnson by Prince Pierre Troubetzkoy. |
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| 1309 |
 | Evelyn Brandy Ella Almond
Evelyn Brandy Ella Almond |
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| 1310 |
 | Evelyn Busby
Evelyn Busby |
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| 1311 |
 | Evelyn Busby age 6 months.
Evelyn Busby age 6 months. |
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| 1312 |
 | Everett Nathaniel Crosby
Everett Nathaniel Crosby |
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| 1313 |
 | F-22A Langley approach.
Two F-22A's are seen here aproaching Langley Air Force Base in Hampton, Virginia. |
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| 1314 |
 | Faith Ann Van De Warker
Faith Ann Van De Warker |
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| 1315 |
 | Fanny and Herman Gerber cutting the cake at their 25th Wedding Anniversary.
Fanny and Herman Gerber cutting the cake at their 25th Wedding Anniversary Party, Alton, Iowa, 1956 |
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| 1316 |
 | Fanny Crosby Elderly.
Fanny Crosby Elderly. |
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| 1317 |
 | Fanny Jane (nee Brigham) Safford.
Fanny Jane (nee Brigham) Safford. |
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| 1318 |
 | Fanny Jane Brigham
Fanny Jane Brigham |
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| 1319 |
 | Fanny Rousmaniere.
Fanny (nee Wheelock) Rousmaniere. |
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| 1320 |
 | Favorette Perrot Brigham
Favorette Perrot Brigham |
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| 1321 |
 | Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile.
Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. |
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| 1322 |
 | Fidelia Smith
Fidelia Smith |
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| 1323 |
 | Firewalker
In the episode “Firewalker” Mulder and Scully investigate strange occurrences at a volcano where at least one scientist has died. In the real world Naturalist William Tufts Brigham combined a volcano and fierwalking and seemingly encountered a supernatural mystery. In 1936 Max Freedom Long wrote the book “Recovering the Ancient Magic". In this book he recounted Brigham's words:
The kahunas took off their sandals and tied ti leaves around their feet, about three leaves to the foot. I sat down and began tying my ti leaves on outside my big hob-nailed boots. I wasn't taking any chances. But that wouldn't do at all—I must take off my boots and my two pairs of socks. The goddess Pele hadn’t agreed to keep boots from burning and it might be an insult to her if I wore them.
I argued hotly—and I say ‘hotly’ because we were all but roasted. I knew that Pele wasn't the one who made fire-magic possible, and I did my best to find out what or who was. As usual they grinned and said that of course the ‘white’ kahuna knew the trick of getting mana (power of some kind known to kahunas) out of air and water to use in kahuna work, and that we were wasting time talking about the thing no kahuna ever put into words—the secret handed down only from father to son.
The upshot of the matter was that I sat tight and refused to take off my boots. In the back of my mind I figured that if the Hawaiians could walk over hot lava with bare callused feet, I could do it with my heavy leather soles to protect me. Remember that this happened at a time when I still had an idea that there was some physical explanation for the thing.
The kahunas got to considering my boots a great joke. If I wanted to offer them as a sacrifice to the gods, it might be a good idea. They grinned at each other and left me to tie on my leaves while they began their chants.
“The chants were in an archaic Hawaiian which I could not follow. It was the usual ‘god-talk’ handed down word for word for countless generations. All I could make of it was that it consisted of simple little mentions of legendary history and was peppered with praise of some god or gods.
I almost roasted alive before the kahunas had finished their chanting, although it could not have taken more than a few minutes. Suddenly the time was at hand. One of the kahunas beat at the shimmering surface of the lava with a bunch of ti leaves and then offered me the honor of crossing first. Instantly I remembered my manners; I was all for age before beauty.
The matter was settled at once by deciding that the oldest kahuna should go first, I second and the others side by side. Without a moment of hesitation the oldest man trotted out on that terrifically hot surface. I was watching him with my mouth open and he was nearly across—a distance of about a hundred and fifty feet—when someone gave me a shove that resulted in my having my choice of falling on my face on the lava or catching a running stride.
I still do not know what madness seized me, but I ran. The heat was unbelievable. I held my breath and my mind seemed to stop functioning. I was young then and could do my hundred-yard dash with the best. Did I run! I flew! I would have broken all records, but with my first few steps the soles of my boots began to burn. They curled and shrank, clamping down on my feet like a vice. The seams gave way and I found myself with one sole gone and the other flapping behind me from the leather strap at the heel.
That flapping sole was almost the death of me. It tripped me repeatedly and slowed me down. Finally, after what seemed minutes, but could not have been more than a few seconds, I leaped off to safety.
I looked down at my feet and found my socks burning at the edges of the curled leather uppers of my boots. I beat out the smoldering fire in the cotton fabric and looked up to find my three kahunas rocking with laughter as they pointed to the heel and sole of my left boot which lay smoking and burned to a crisp on the lava.
I laughed too. I was never so relieved in my life as I was to find that I was safe and that there was not a blister on my feet—not even where I had beaten out the fire in the socks.
“There is little more that I can tell of this experience. I had a sensation of intense heat on my face and body, but almost no sensation in my feet. When I touched them with my hands they were hot on the bottoms, but they did not feel so except to my hands. None of the kahunas had a blister, although the ti leaves had burned off their soles.
Of course another reoccurring X Files theme was the perpetration of fraud in an ongoing attempt to discredit agent Mulder. Agent Scully was there to keep him grounded and to apply critical thinking. In this case she found that Long was a charlatan that took Hawaiian traditions and mixed them with new age, wicca, Freudian psychology, or anything else that would sell a book.
Presently it cannot be independently verified that Long ever met Brigham as he claimed. In his unpublished manuscript “The Ancient Worship of the Hawaiian Islanders, With References to That of Other Polynesians” Brigham wrote of an attempt to walk on lava that was “recently cooled crust although the edges were still incandescent”. Not only were there no ti leaves there were no natives casting magic spells. In fact he chose a moment to do this when no one was there to tell him that it was a dumb idea! While he describes ruining his shoes they didn't fall apart or burn through as in long's version.
Mulder countered with the fact that Brigham was a man of science and therefore he couldn't do anything to associate himself with magic.
Scully had the answer there as well. While he was known as Doctor Brigham it was a honorary degree. In 1887 he was arrested for embezzlement. While he was never convicted it left him broke and the shadow of the problem left little opportunity. He moved to Hawaii where a friend made him the first curator of the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.
Mulder again countered; The Hawaiian lobelioid genus Brighamia was named in his honor. |
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| 1324 |
 | First Flight Attempt.
Langley carried out his experiments on the Potomac River. He suffered a series of failures before managing successful unmanned powered flight. The Wright brothers beat Langley to the first successful manned powered flight. |
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| 1325 |
 | Flora (nee Sheldon) Bush
Flora (nee Sheldon) Bush |
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| 1326 |
 | Florence Evelyn Wheelock
Florence Evelyn Wheelock |
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| 1327 |
 | Florence Gilbert
Florence Gilbert |
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| 1328 |
 | Florence Gilbert
Florence Gilbert |
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| 1329 |
 | Florence K Nagel
Florence K Nagel high school 1929. |
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| 1330 |
 | Fort Dearborn in 1830.
Fort Dearborn was an United States fort built in 1803 beside the Chicago River in what was to become Chicago, Illinois. The fort was decommissioned by 1837. Part of the fort was lost when the Chicago River was widened in 1855. What remained was destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. |
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| 1331 |
 | Fort Logan National Cemetery.
Fort Logan National Cemetery. |
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| 1332 |
 | Fort Sully.
Fanny Kelly arriving at Fort Sully after being released from captivity. From her book; "Narrative Of My Captivity Among The Sioux Indians" published 1873. |
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| 1333 |
 | Four Brigham generations.
Four Brigham generations. |
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| 1334 |
 | Frances de Villers Brokaw
Frances de Villers Brokaw |
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| 1335 |
 | Frances Flora Wheelock.
Frances Flora Wheelock. |
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| 1336 |
 | Frances Fuller.
Frances Fuller. |
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| 1337 |
 | Frances Irene Gamble
Frances Irene Gamble |
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| 1338 |
 | Frances Irene Gamble
Frances Irene Gamble |
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| 1339 |
 | Frances Jane Crosby.
Frances Jane "Fanny" Crosby from the book "A Blind Girl and Other Pomes" by Fanny Crosby, 1844. |
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| 1340 |
 | Frances Rousmaniere.
Frances Rousmaniere. |
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| 1341 |
 | Francis & Gertrude Glidden.
Francis & Gertrude Glidden. |
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| 1342 |
 | Francis (nee Mally) Nagel
Francis (nee Mally) Nagel |
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| 1343 |
 | Francis (nee Mally)with children Frank and Herman Nagel.
Francis (nee Mally)with children Frank and Herman Nagel. |
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| 1344 |
 | Francis Ball Fay
Francis Ball Fay |
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| 1345 |
 | Francis M Brigham
Francis M Brigham |
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| 1346 |
 | Francis Parkman
Francis Parkman |
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| 1347 |
 | Francis Parkman
Francis Parkman |
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| 1348 |
 | Francis Parkman age 20.
Francis Parkman age 20. |
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| 1349 |
 | Francis Parkman.
Francis Parkman. |
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| 1350 |
 | Frank & Gertie Glidden.
Frank & Gertie Glidden. |
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